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Un-Earthly Coordinates
Muneendra Kumar
When GPS helped Explorer Avery to the GEODETIC North Pole!

1Muneendra Kumar
PhD, Chief Geodesist (Retired), US National Geospatial-
Intelligence Agency,
munismk@yahoo.com

Of course, it would be extremely rare, when any GPS surveying and/ or “navigating” to the North Pole is undertaken. One such opportunity occurred In April 2005. British explorer Tom Avery in his effort(s) to recreate Adm. Robert Peary’s epic journey of April 1909 to North Pole took GPS to navigate himself.

During his journey, Avery’s team observed the GPS surveyed positions from the starting point, enroute, near the extreme vicinity, and at the North Pole (Note: Unfortunately, no repeat and along the return tracking observations were made). These geodetic positions have allowed examining GPS surveying performance near and at the North Pole. As the GPS positions appear at two places in Avery’s book (“To the End of the Earth”, St. Martin’s Press, NY, 2009), 8 positions (near and at the Pole) have been copied (Barclay Capital’s Log and Page 271) into one table to “produce” a continuous sequence.

* These 5 positions are NOT in Barclay Capital’s Log.

# The most northerly coordinate a GPS can register (As per comment on Page 271). $ It is not clear “How 1 position is attributed 2 days”.

** In view of the remark (#) vide Page 271, from whom Barclay Capital logged this latitude and longitude coordinates for the North Pole.

Un-Earthly Coordinates – Did GPS survey the “ZERO” longitude, which does NOT exists on the Earth, at the North Pole?

 
August 2009
 
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6th International Symposium on 
Digital Earth
9 - 12, Sep 2009
Beijing, China
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INTERGEO 2009
22-24 September
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ION GNSS 2009
22-25 September
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European Navigation Event 2009
6 October
Houten, The Netherlands
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13th IAIN World Congress
27-30 October
Stockholm, Sweden
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2009 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS
4-6 November, 2009
Jeju,Korea
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11-13 November
Perth, Australia
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Maritime: 10 Nov, Southampton
Positioning & Location:12 Nov, Nottingham
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Timing: 20 Nov, Teddington 
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