In recent years, there have been some successful AI methods applied to GNSS/INS integration. Two artificial neural networks (ANN)- based INS/DGPS integration schemes for vehicular navigation were developed with a conjugate gradientbased training algorithm[7]. A new method is presented to improve the MEMS IMU/GPS performance using fuzzy modeling[8]. The GNSS/INS integration architecture using ANN which has the ability to mimic a human navigator, is capable of providing real time prediction and improve the performance during GNSS outages[9]. An Adaptive-Neuro-Fuzzy-inferencesystem (ANFIS)-KF model is used to correct the estimated KF outputs, which adopts Fuzzy-OLS algorithm for online ANFIS adaptive learning and impairs the influence of MEMSIMU thermal variation by ANFIS[10]. Three AI-based methods, that is, a fuzzy logic rule-based system, a fuzzy expert vehicle dynamics identification system and a neural networks-based compass calibration algorithm, have been developed for GPS/MEMS INS integrated system[11].

We consider a case study that illustrates performance benefits of RDSS/INS integration[12]. In the case, the horizontal accuracy of RDSS positioning is 100 m and the minimum interval of positioning is 1.5 s because of active positioning mode. A tactical-grade IMU is used. Table 1 shows comparison of positioning error using five algorithms with same experimental data. BPNN aided KF

Fig.2 Performance of GPS/MIMU antijamming vs. GPS anti-jamming

It can be seen from the above analyses that GNSS/INS integrated systems will benefit from deep integration architecture and AI technology. Some instructive researches have been set up recently, but it is just a beginning. Overall, we believe that the trends of deep integration and intelligent integration would be referred clearly as one of the most important directions during the wide applications of the integrated systems.

As fabrication techniques of MEMS sensors develop increasingly, some manufacturers foresee that the gyro bias error of a 2 in3-sized MEMSbased IMU will be achieved to 0.010/h by 2010[13]. In addition, the low cost, lightweight, and high G of MEMS sensors are the driving factors in more and more applications. Integration involving deep integrated mode and AI techniques should be made more feasible and attractive. Based on this, a low-cost attitude determination GNSS/ MEMS INS integrated navigation system is likely to be designed.

References

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Table 1 Comparison of positioning error in
RDSS/INS integrated navigation system


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