Coordinates initiates a discussion. On what
was envisioned, and what has been achieved.
On challenges ahead.
A time to celebrate. To get nostalgic.
To revisit moments of euphoria and despair.
To remember heroes.
To share their views, experiences and expectations.
While Mukund Rao narrates the story of NSDI
in India, we pay our tributes.
A humble tribute.
To those who contributed in this mission.
Bal Krishna Editor
The
Government of India has formally approved the
National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) programme
– I told myself AT LONG LAST, IT IS DONE!!!
I also heaved a sigh of relief – a sigh
which has been weighing on my mind for the past
5 years (from February, 2001 onwards). In that
sense of relief – that marked a feeling
of achievement and success for the benefit of
the country, I closed my eyes and …
The initial phase
My thoughts
went back to December 5, 2000 – when the
first meeting of the then NGDI Task Force was
held in Department of Science and Technology (DST)
to consider the National geographic Data Infrastructure
(NGDI) programme. Fortunately, a great personality
of Indian Space – Dr K Kasturirangan –
whom I have the highest regard and respect for,
had nominated me to that committee and I met yet
another great person – Dr V S Ramamurthy,
then Secretary, DST. These two were the torchbearers
of India’s NSDI who laid a foundation for
a movement that was visionary and way ahead of
times. At that first meeting, I vividly recall
my first interaction with an ebullient and dynamic
personality – Mr Amitabha Pande, then Joint
Secretary, DST who is yet another driving force
for NSDI. In that committee, I also developed
close association with many friends from Survey
of India (SoI), Geological Survey of India (GSI),
National Informatics Centre (NIC), industry and
many other agencies and committed team was formed.
Each member was charged and motivated and wanted
a good vision for NSDI – un-shackling the
Indian spatial data community to contribute to
a successful nation-building enterprise.
Soon within two months we had a blue-print for
NSDI – NSDI Strategy and Action Plan document.
I worked with Mr Pande assiduously to see that
ISRO produced a beautiful document for the country.
I always believed that NSDI was a programme that
had to be owned by all and thus strived always
to obtain technical and programmatic consensus
for NSDI from all stake-holders. It was not an
easy task (in 2001) when the concept of “sharing
and owning” had different connotations.
I recall the innumerous debates we had –
is it NGDI or NSDI; what is the concept of SDI;
is NSDI a monolith or a distributed architecture;
technologies required for NSDI; organisational
structures required for NSDI; sensitizing to the
multi-farious drivers of different agencies –
binding them to a common goal and many other aspects.
But the tenacity of the Committee, and a good
leadership role by Dr Prithvish Nag brought all
issues to a common understanding. And soon the
blue NSDI document was ready … and that
was January, 2001.
Looking back, my grand time came when I, thanks
to the magnanimous and motivating vision of Dr
Kasturirangan, Dr Ramamurthy and Mr Pande, was
called upon to present the NSDI Strategy and Action
Plan to the Indian Community at the 1st NGDI Conference
on February 5, 2001. The Strategy was adopted
and February, 2001 saw the dawn of a new dream
for all of us – the dream of a NSDI.
Better late
than never
Dr
K Kasturirangan Member of Parliament, Rajyasabha,
Former Chairman ISRO
I
must say better late than never. I am happy
that we have a system in place to make spatial
data available to the users for various
specific and multiple applications. Now
not only methodologies have to be evolved
but
institutional framework should further be
strengthened. It is an evolutionary phase.
The proposed set up is a good beginning.
We have to try out various options as there
is currently no standard practice available.
The main objective is that it has to succeed
in ensuring easy accessibility and availability
of multiple layers of spatial data in a
standard format.
Having Minister of Science and Technology
chairing the NSDC would be advantageous
as it would ensure a smooth interfacing
with policy issues. I am sure that all the
stakeholders will join the initiative. I
feel that they are very enthusiastic. There
has been several round of consultation to
ensure their participation. Participation
in NSDI should not be interpreted as parting
with data, but as accessing multiple layers
of information.
The
Ooty high and a dampener
We soon
moved on to Ooty for the 2nd NSDI Conference –
we in the NSDI
(finally NSDI was chosen) Committee felt that
the NSDI movement required constant high-profile
visibility and focus. Ooty Conference, in July,
2002, was a watershed of a sort for NSDI. Expectations
were high and the “iron was hot” (as
they say). Six key Secretaries of Government of
India (GOI) and about 180 Indian NSDI stakeholders
and a fantastic action plan brought a forward-looking
Ooty communiqué – which brought the
NSDI dream a bit closer to reality. I continued
my saga in the Committee of envisioning great
things for NSDI and led the NSDI Metadata Standard
effort and after excellent interactions with many
colleagues – we brought out the Metadata
Standard document in a successful manner. At the
same time other groups addressed the NSDI Exchange
Standard and the NSDI Applications protocol and
the NSDI Network Framework – all of which
brought out the intense and high-level of technical
knowledge and professionalism of the Indian spatial
technology experts.
I must mention an important incident that happened
at Ooty. I was involved, with the best of ISRO
colleagues and colleagues from SOI and GSI (of
course, supported by industry), in developing
a NSDI Portal that was to be unveiled in Ooty.
Our thinking was that once the NSDI Portal was
shown and then unveiled – it would be proof
of what NSDI can bring benefit to different stake-holders
and we felt that we would have crossed a major
milestone then. It was all done and the NSDI Portal
was ready for unveiling on July 29, 2002 at Ooty.
But, at the nick of time, came a dampener –
a query from the Defence to get the clearance
for the Portal and its data content of maps. Just
one night before the unveiling in Ooty, in a serene
Cottage room, it was agreed that the unveiling
would be deferred
and that we should work for a formal government
clearance for NSDI. So a Powerpoint presentation
was made up to simulate the unveiling (but for
a few of us the world did not know about this).
Even then, Ooty Conference was a great success
– the right chords had been stuck and it
was decided to get Government Clearance for NSDI.
The development of the NSDI Portal was enhanced
and it was to be shown in an important Secretary-level
meeting. 18 July, 2003 – I still remember
that date. I was closely involved and steered
an extremely good and on- line presentation and
demonstration of NSDI to a group of Secretaries
(we
actually set up a Metadata Server that was accessed
on network and data was transferred to the meeting
– actually doing a full-scale NSDI transaction).
The demo and presentation was a grand success
and it was agreed that the country must have a
NSDI. Once again our dreams were fired-on –
we thought that this time we have it and soon
we shall show the world India’s NSDI.
There is no
shortcut
Prof
V S Ramamurthy Former Secretary, Department
of Science
and Technology, Government of India
The
resolution on NSDI is a first step to make
quality GIS database available to the entire
country in a structured manner. The cabinet
level decision provides an official stamp
of approval. The National Spatial Data Committee
is to be chaired by the Minister of Science
and Technology. This gives not only a political
signal but also ensures that the message
comes from the top. The major data producing
agencies in the government will accept it
as a norm. While the realization of NSDI
took more time than anticipated, that never
frustrated me. In ambitious programmes,
it takes time to reach consensus. There
is no shortcut to success. The committees
that have been constituted have to evolve
standards in alignment with international
practices. They should also endevour to
make the NSDI portal functional.
A dream and
a passion
Amitabha
Pande Principal Resident Commissioner,
Government of
Punjab. Former Joint Secretary, Department
of Science and Technology
When
we thought of NSDI five years before, it
was a dream, a passion, a purpose, a commitment
and a movement. The whole purpose was to
enable easy access to spatial data. There
were four critical components of the initiative
- standards, centralized access, open sharing
of the data and building of partnerships
for value addition. It was thought to involve
players at every level like states, villages,
communities that will eventually lead to
the creation of not only NSDI but also SDIs
at state, districts and village levels too.
This larger vision does not appear to have
been fully encapsulated in the recent government
resolution. A major drawback is that the
National Map Policy still does not allow
open access to the ordinary citizens to
maps. A willingness to bring map information
in the open public domain has to precede
the creation of a NSDI.
This willingness is still largely absent
within the ambit of the National Map Policy.
The present resolution of the government
was originally intended to create an overarching
institutional framework and an organization
which would have sufficient clout to administer
and implement policy, and to design policy
which would make spatial data infrastructure
a powerful tool of social transformation
and improved governance.
This needs something far beyond the creation
of government committees with little or
no administrative and financial powers to
enforce its policies.
In addition, it needs professional leadership
through a full time CEO who is the convener/
coordinator of both the committees. Such
a CEO would also require a core team of
committed professionals to assist him.
Without a CEO and a core team, the organizational
framework can easily slide into performing
bureaucratic rites and rituals. I do not
see any sign of how this is proposed and
implemented.
The
trudge
Then started
the trudge ahead – and it has been a long
wait of 4 years. What happened between August
2003 and June, 2006 is now history – which
some of us know.
Incidentally the proto-type NSDI Portal was later
unveiled in Agra in November, 2003 and whatever
was developed as the proto-type NSDI Portal was
then released as part of NNRMS Portal by the Hon’ble
President of India in July, 2004. Madhavan Nair,
Chairman, ISRO provided the visionary lead for
this initiative; Dr Jayaraman was supportive and
my colleagues – Dr Rajeev Jaiswal and Ms
Padmavathy and a few other colleagues from ISRO
played a vanguard role.
Then came Lucknow in November, 2004 and Hyderabad
in December, 2005. While NSDI Conferences became
a ritual, progress was slow. Things changed and
a feeling of despondency crept in. But many of
us had still the fire and passion for NSDI and
relentlessly pursued the goal of holding on for
NSDI and making it a reality. Here I must mention
Dr Sivakumar; Maj Gen Gopal Rao and many of my
colleagues in ISRO and SOI, NIC, GSI, NBSSLUP,
FSI etc who were committed and never let the “string-loosen”.
Building consensus
Maj
Gen M Gopal Rao Surveyor General of India
The
NSDI movement has been driven by a few individuals
of a few organizations. Although it started
with a lot of enthusiasm, this slowly waned
away. The initial larger participation was
slowly taken over by a sense of indifference.
We should understand that processes that
need consensus are generally time consuming.
The positive thing was that despite all
the frustration that was creeping in, the
taskforce stayed together. Some of the working
groups persevered and due to them, continuity
was maintained. Now the government has given
an authority and the entire movement is
now set to move with greater momentum. We
can expect that all the organizations who
have participated in this endeavor with
great enthusiasm will rejoin with same vigor.
Significant groundwork has already been
done. Standards are in place. Interoperability
of large datasets is to be demonstrated
in September this
year. The misapprehensions of many government
agencies have already been resolved. The
very fact that many organizations have spoken
to each other and agreed to pool their datasets
itself is an achievement. The academia is
a part of this effort. However, the industry
so far has been passive in its response.
I look forward for their active participation.
The other area of concern is to involve
state governments. We need to think how
to get them on board through state level
SDI. Survey of India state level Geo-spatial
Data Centre (GDC) should act as facilitator
for this. Although major data producing
agencies are at central level but at micro
level most of the datasets are with the
state governments. We expect all the stakeholders
to put in place their portal gateway for
data sharing. Survey of India will soon
be setting up a portal to service NSDI.
We also need to understand the process of
data sharing. It should serve the need user
needs with least hassles. The SOI is already
in compliance with OGC standards.
The challenge as Member Secretary is the
implementation of an action plan within
a given timeframe. And also to get all the
government partners work at the same pace.
Most importantly, it has to be done through
consensus. Some of the working groups who
could not make progress at the desired pace
will be restrengthened.
Despite all,
we succeeded
Dr
R Sivakumar Head, NRDMS and NSDI Division,
Dept of Science and Technology
I
have a great sense of achievement. We are
very happy as it came the way we wanted
it. Although, initially we wanted a legislation
but to start with a government resolution
is no less. Ultimately we may have to go
in for a legislation. We were successful
in keeping the interest for NSDI alive despite
being ridiculed by many including media
at various forums. The consensus was evolved
after a series of meetings. We managed to
generate interest that helped various stakeholders
to participate and contribute. Keeping people
together, itself was a challenge. We have
great expectations from industry and ready
to collaborate. We have done enough ground
work for NSDI to take off. The NSDC will
soon hold its first meeting to discuss various
issues and to prepare a road map. Personally,
for me it was a great learning experience
to sharpen my managerial and technical skills.
I also take this opportunity to thank ITC,
OGC, NRCan, Ordnance Survey for helping
us to achieve this.
Shaken concepts
But looking
back, one thing I can say that somewhere down
the line – the basic concept of NSDI –
“collective ownership and a good for all”
was shaken. I always believed that NSDI was not
of one agency – it had to be COLLECTIVE;
NSDI was not just for government – it had
all stakeholders and citizens were the greatest
beneficiaries; NSDI was not a turf-war –
it was intelligent networking and collective action
for the good of the country; NSDI was not a “take
all” - but give some and take some for success;
NSDI was a modern movement – it was not
just a programme or a project; NSDI was not crafted
for a few individuals – but was driven by
a few individuals for success and benefit in the
country. Somewhere, I personally feel, these issues
lost focus – maybe because of delays and
changing scenarios – change of people, change
of strategies, change of environment and change
of technologies. I personally believe that we
would have been far ahead of Google-Earth –
at least for India.
Parallel developments
I must
mention here a very good development that happened
at that time and was concertedly driven by the
NSDI Committee. It was the New Map Policy. There
was intense discussions and debates and drafts
on the Map Policy issue – there was overall
consensus that a more pragmatic policy was required
but the definition of such a policy addressing
all concerns took a lot of time. In this activity
again, many of our colleagues in Defense, Home
and agencies like DST/SOI, ISRO, NIC etc have
played a leading role – pragmatism was everywhere
on this issue but “nailing” a policy
was a tough task. At last hat too was achieved
last year when a New
Map Policy has been announced.
In the meantime there were many other developments
that spurred the spatial data and applications
– India had excellent images from Resourcesat
and then Cartosat; India also hosted the Global
Spatial Data Infrastructure Association Conference
in Bangalore in February, 2004 (I had the privilege
of serving as the President of GSDI in 2004 and
2005; that gave me great insights to the SDI movement
all over the world); agencies embarked on creating
a wealth of GIS databases and activities etc –
all these helped create the right environment
in the country.
So things were moving – slowly and steadily
but certainly moving.
Let me get back to
the future…
Now
my dreams are back and once again I dream …
soon we shall have India NSDI Portal and we shall
have the best of SDI programmes in the world.
I believe in this and feel it can easily happen.
What are the stakes for the future?